Mahatma Gandhi, whose full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was a prominent leader of India’s independence movement against British colonial rule. He is widely revered as the “Father of the Nation” in India and is known globally for his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, civil disobedience, and advocacy for social justice.
Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat, India. He studied law in England and later practiced as a lawyer in South Africa, where he became deeply involved in the struggle against racial discrimination and injustice.
It was in South Africa that Gandhi developed his concept of Satyagraha, a nonviolent form of resistance based on truth and moral courage. He believed in using peaceful protest and civil disobedience to challenge oppressive laws and policies, ultimately seeking to transform society through love and compassion.
Upon returning to India in 1915, Gandhi emerged as a leader of the Indian National Congress and led several nonviolent campaigns against British colonial rule. His most notable campaigns included the Salt March in 1930, where thousands of Indians marched to the sea to protest the British salt monopoly, and the Quit India Movement in 1942, calling for an end to British rule in India.
Throughout his life, Gandhi advocated for communal harmony, religious tolerance, and the upliftment of the oppressed and marginalized. He emphasized the importance of self-reliance, simplicity, and living in harmony with nature.
Gandhi’s commitment to nonviolence and his unwavering dedication to truth inspired millions of people around the world and influenced civil rights movements and leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela.
Tragically, Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist who opposed Gandhi’s efforts to promote religious harmony and peace.
Mahatma Gandhi’s legacy lives on as a symbol of courage, moral integrity, and the power of nonviolent resistance. His teachings continue to resonate with people seeking justice, equality, and peace across the globe, making him one of the most influential figures of the 20th century.
When was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi born?
A) 1867
B) 1872
C) 1889
D) 1896
Correct Answer: A) 1867
Which title is commonly used to refer to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi?
A) Maharaja
B) Mahatma
C) Raja
D) Swami
Correct Answer: B) Mahatma
Where was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi born?
A) Delhi
B) Karachi
C) Mumbai
D) Porbandar
Correct Answer: D) Porbandar
Which movement led by Gandhi protested against the British salt monopoly in India?
A) Quit India Movement
B) Non-Cooperation Movement
C) Civil Disobedience Movement
D) Salt Satyagraha (Salt March)
Correct Answer: D) Salt Satyagraha (Salt March)
What was the name of Gandhi’s autobiography?
A) My Experiments with Truth
B) Hind Swaraj
C) The Story of My Experiments with Truth
D) Satyagraha in South Africa
Correct Answer: A) My Experiments with Truth
Which ideology advocated by Gandhi emphasized nonviolence and civil disobedience?
A) Ahimsa
B) Vedic Philosophy
C) Hindutva
D) Shramdaan
Correct Answer: A) Ahimsa
Where did Gandhi first employ his philosophy of nonviolent resistance against racial discrimination?
A) India
B) South Africa
C) United Kingdom
D) United States
Correct Answer: B) South Africa
Which Indian festival became a symbol of Hindu-Muslim unity due to Gandhi’s efforts?
A) Diwali
B) Holi
C) Eid
D) Dussehra
Correct Answer: C) Eid
Which event led to the British massacre of unarmed civilians in Amritsar in 1919?
A) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
B) Salt March
C) Chauri Chaura Incident
D) Partition of Bengal
Correct Answer: A) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
What title did Gandhi give to the spinning wheel, symbolizing self-sufficiency and independence?
A) Charkha
B) Khadi
C) Swadeshi
D) Satyagraha
Correct Answer: A) Charkha
Who was Gandhi’s political mentor and guide during his early years in South Africa?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Rabindranath Tagore
C) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
D) Dadabhai Naoroji
Correct Answer: C) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Which event marked the beginning of the Salt Satyagraha in 1930?
A) Dandi March
B) Champaran Satyagraha
C) Bardoli Satyagraha
D) Quit India Movement
Correct Answer: A) Dandi March
Which British Viceroy did Gandhi negotiate with during the Round Table Conferences?
A) Lord Curzon
B) Lord Irwin
C) Lord Mountbatten
D) Lord Linlithgow
Correct Answer: B) Lord Irwin
What was the name of the nonviolent protest against the tax on salt led by Gandhi in 1930?
A) Non-Cooperation Movement
B) Quit India Movement
C) Dandi March
D) Civil Disobedience Movement
Correct Answer: D) Civil Disobedience Movement
Which city in India did Gandhi establish as the headquarters of the Indian National Congress?
A) Delhi
B) Mumbai
C) Ahmedabad
D) Kolkata
Correct Answer: C) Ahmedabad
What was the name of Gandhi’s wife, who supported him in his social and political endeavors?
A) Kasturba Gandhi
B) Sarojini Naidu
C) Indira Gandhi
D) Kamala Nehru
Correct Answer: A) Kasturba Gandhi
Which religious fasting practice did Gandhi use as a form of protest and spiritual purification?
A) Ekadashi
B) Navratri
C) Satyagraha
D) Upavasa
Correct Answer: D) Upavasa
Which document written by Gandhi declared India’s independence from British rule?
A) Quit India Resolution
B) Purna Swaraj Declaration
C) Lahore Resolution
D) Simon Commission Report
Correct Answer: B) Purna Swaraj Declaration
Who succeeded Gandhi as the leader of the Indian independence movement after his assassination?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Rajendra Prasad
Correct Answer: A) Jawaharlal Nehru
Which religious leader inspired Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolence and civil disobedience?
A) Swami Vivekananda
B) Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
C) Rabindranath Tagore
D) Jain Acharyas
Correct Answer: D) Jain Acharyas
Which British law led Gandhi to organize the Salt March?
A) Rowlatt Act
B) Government of India Act, 1935
C) Salt Act
D) Pitt’s India Act
Correct Answer: C) Salt Act
Which Indian festival became a significant platform for Gandhi to promote the idea of Swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods?
A) Diwali
B) Raksha Bandhan
C) Dussehra
D) Pongal
Correct Answer: C) Dussehra
What was the name of the movement launched by Gandhi against the exploitation of indigo farmers in Champaran?
A) Dandi March
B) Bardoli Satyagraha
C) Champaran Satyagraha
D) Non-Cooperation Movement
Correct Answer: C) Champaran Satyagraha
Which ideology promoted by Gandhi advocated the revival of traditional cottage industries and self-reliance?
A) Khilafat Movement
B) Swadeshi Movement
C) Non-Cooperation Movement
D) Quit India Movement
Correct Answer: B) Swadeshi Movement
Which incident led to Gandhi’s decision to call off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922?
A) Chauri Chaura Incident
B) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
C) Salt Satyagraha
D) Dandi March
Correct Answer: A) Chauri Chaura Incident
Which British newspaper gave the title “Mahatma” to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi?
A) The Times
B) The Guardian
C) The Telegraph
D) The Manchester Guardian
Correct Answer: D) The Manchester Guardian
What was the name of the philosophy ofsocial and economic upliftment advocated by Gandhi?
A) Sarvodaya
B) Ahimsa
C) Swaraj
D) Satyagraha
Correct Answer: A) Sarvodaya
Which organization did Gandhi establish to promote Indian self-reliance through the use of khadi (handspun cloth)?
A) All India Congress Committee
B) Indian National Army
C) Khilafat Movement
D) All India Spinners’ Association
Correct Answer: D) All India Spinners’ Association
Who assassinated Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in 1948?
A) Nathuram Godse
B) Udham Singh
C) Bhagat Singh
D) Chandrashekhar Azad
Correct Answer: A) Nathuram Godse
What was Gandhi’s vision for independent India based on nonviolence, communal harmony, and social justice called?
A) Swaraj
B) Satyagraha
C) Ram Rajya
D) Sarvodaya
Correct Answer: C) Ram Rajya